Who Is Immersion for?: A Critical Analysis of French Immersion Policies

Elitism has been an issue in Canadian French immersion since its inception. This study examines how two racially diverse Ontarian school boards and Ontario policy, curricula, other related documents construct support elite student within the program. The who emerged from is a White, middle-class, English, established resident, mirroring current demographics of A middle-class bias due to assumed wealth, lack financial assistance, transportation promotional materials. program locations themselves favoured middle-class. curricula demonstrated Eurocentric focus colonial lens. In this study, it was that parents had functional knowledge English French. Program entry-points residents over newcomers. Given evident elitism, there shift toward inclusion, particularly for students with special education needs language learners. However, inclusion yet be critically enacted.